自動變速器的維修標準

Maintenance standards for automatic transmissions

一般自動變速器(ATF)的潤滑油需要兩年換一次，自動變速器每4萬公里需要清洗保養(yǎng)。

The lubricating oil of a typical automatic transmission (ATF) needs to be changed every two years, and automatic transmissions require cleaning and maintenance every 40000 kilometers.

以上的自動變速器故障都是由自動變速器潤滑油過熱和雜質(zhì)引起的。對于自動變速器的保養(yǎng)，合理更換自動變速器潤滑油是關(guān)鍵。如果自動變速器潤滑油變質(zhì)，會降低變速器內(nèi)部零件的耐磨性，縮短自動變速器的使用壽命。另外，自動變速器中的油泥和雜質(zhì)會直接影響系統(tǒng)的油壓和動力傳遞，使自動變速器的速度變慢，甚至使某個擋位失效。

The above automatic transmission faults are all caused by overheating and impurities in the lubricating oil of the automatic transmission. Reasonable replacement of automatic transmission lubricating oil is crucial for the maintenance of automatic transmissions. If the lubricating oil of the automatic transmission deteriorates, it will reduce the wear resistance of internal parts of the transmission and shorten the service life of the automatic transmission. In addition, the sludge and impurities in the automatic transmission can directly affect the oil pressure and power transmission of the system, causing the speed of the automatic transmission to slow down and even causing a certain gear to fail.

如果用于正常保養(yǎng)，自動變速器的平均壽命在70萬公里左右。

If used for normal maintenance, the average lifespan of an automatic transmission is around 700000 kilometers.

自動變速器的維護方法

Maintenance methods for automatic transmissions

經(jīng)常檢查自動變速器的油位是否正常。自動變速器油的檢查方法不同于發(fā)動機油。機油要在冷態(tài)下檢查，而變速器油需要預(yù)熱到50左右，在每個檔位停留2s后再將變速桿放入駐車檔。此時，油尺的正常油位應(yīng)該在最高線和最低線之間。如果不夠，及時添加同質(zhì)量的機油。

Regularly check if the oil level of the automatic transmission is normal. The inspection method for automatic transmission oil is different from engine oil. The oil needs to be checked in a cold state, and the transmission oil needs to be preheated to around 50. After staying in each gear for 2 seconds, put the gear lever into park. At this point, the normal oil level on the dipstick should be between the highest and lowest lines. If not enough, add oil of the same quality in a timely manner.

掌握自動變速器的換油周期。自動變速器的內(nèi)部控制機構(gòu)非常精密，配合間隙小，所以大部分廠家建議自動變速器的換油周期通常為兩年或4 ~ 6萬公里。在正常使用中，變速器油的工作溫度一般在120左右，所以油的品質(zhì)要求很高，必須保持清潔。其次，變速器油使用時間長了會產(chǎn)生油垢，油垢可能會形成油泥，增加摩擦片和部件的磨損，也會影響系統(tǒng)的油壓，從而影響動力傳遞。再次，污油中的油泥會使各閥體內(nèi)的閥體運動不順暢，油壓控制受到影響，從而使自動變速器不正常。

Master the oil change cycle of automatic transmissions. The internal control mechanism of automatic transmissions is very precise and has small clearance, so most manufacturers recommend that the oil change cycle of automatic transmissions is usually two years or 40000 to 60000 kilometers. In normal use, the working temperature of transmission oil is generally around 120, so the quality of the oil is required to be high and must be kept clean. Secondly, prolonged use of transmission oil can generate oil deposits, which may form sludge, increase wear on friction plates and components, and also affect the oil pressure of the system, thereby affecting power transmission. Once again, the sludge in the dirty oil can cause the valve bodies inside each valve body to move unsmooth, affecting oil pressure control and causing the automatic transmission to malfunction.

正確更換變速器油。目前比較好的換油方式是動態(tài)換油，使用專門的齒輪箱清洗設(shè)備。變速箱運行過程中，舊油充分循環(huán)，待完全排出后再加入新的變速箱油。換油率可達90%以上，換油效果好。平時要培養(yǎng)主動檢查保養(yǎng)的意識，學(xué)習(xí)一些汽車保養(yǎng)的基本知識，仔細閱讀車上的說明書，記住一些必要的數(shù)據(jù)。科學(xué)的汽車保養(yǎng)可以保證車輛處于良好的技術(shù)狀態(tài)和行駛安全。

Replace the transmission oil correctly. The current better oil change method is dynamic oil change, using specialized gearbox cleaning equipment. During the operation of the gearbox, the old oil is fully circulated, and new gearbox oil is added after it is completely discharged. The oil change rate can reach over 90%, and the oil change effect is good. We should cultivate the awareness of proactive inspection and maintenance in daily life, learn some basic knowledge of car maintenance, carefully read the instructions on the car, and remember some necessary data. Scientific car maintenance can ensure that vehicles are in good technical condition and driving safety.