（1）套料刀加工深孔；
(1) Machining deep holes with nesting cutters;
（2）接長柄麻花鉆在通用機(jī)床上加工；
(2) The extended handle Fried Dough Twists drill is processed on a general machine tool;
（3）采用深孔鉆在專用深孔鉆床上加工。
(3) Using deep hole drills for processing on specialized deep hole drilling machines.
1、套料刀加工深孔。孔徑較大的深孔(一般直徑大于50mm)宜采用套料刀加工。這種方法切削負(fù)荷減輕，從而提高了生產(chǎn)率，減少了材料消耗。所用套料刀，當(dāng)直徑較小時(shí)，多采用整體焊接式，直徑較大時(shí)，可采用裝配式或可調(diào)式。刀具上應(yīng)裝置用于導(dǎo)向的耐磨鑲條，其材料可為夾布膠木、硬質(zhì)合金、滾動(dòng)軸承等，刀刃設(shè)計(jì)上亦應(yīng)考慮分屑和斷屑。它也適合于批量生產(chǎn)。
1. Machining deep holes with a nesting cutter. Deep holes with larger apertures (generally larger than 50mm in diameter) should be processed using a nesting cutter. This method reduces cutting load, thereby improving productivity and reducing material consumption. When the diameter of the nesting knife used is small, it is mostly of the integral welding type. When the diameter is large, it can be of the assembled or adjustable type. The cutting tool should be equipped with wear-resistant inserts for guidance, which can be made of laminated rubber, hard alloy, rolling bearings, etc. The blade design should also consider chip separation and breakage. It is also suitable for mass production.
2、接長柄麻花鉆在通用機(jī)床上加工。接長柄麻花鉆就是在普通麻花鉆上焊接長柄。由于鉆削時(shí)軸向力大，鉆頭兩刃不易磨的對稱，鉆頭橫刃修磨質(zhì)量不易保證，而且刀桿剛性差，所以加工時(shí)易發(fā)生振動(dòng)，孔的線易產(chǎn)生偏斜，由于鉆頭容屑空間有限，為了排屑和冷卻刀具，必須在加工一段長度后(一般5~10 mm)即把鉆頭退出。對于軸心孔較長的主軸，要采用從兩端鉆孔的方式。因此這種深孔加工方法質(zhì)量差，生產(chǎn)率低、勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，但由于其刀具制造簡單，可使用通用設(shè)備，因此在單件小批量生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用較多。
2. The extended handle Fried Dough Twists drill is processed on a general machine tool. The extended handle Fried Dough Twists drill is to weld the long handle on the ordinary Fried Dough Twists drill. Due to the large axial force during drilling, the two edges of the drill bit are not easy to grind symmetrically, and the quality of the horizontal edge grinding of the drill bit is not easy to ensure. Moreover, the rigidity of the tool bar is poor, so vibration is prone to occur during processing, and the centerline of the hole is prone to deviation. Due to the limited chip capacity space of the drill bit, in order to remove chips and cool the tool, it is necessary to exit the drill bit after processing a certain length (usually 5-10 mm). For spindles with longer axis holes, drilling should be done from both ends. Therefore, this deep hole machining method has poor quality, low productivity, and high labor intensity. However, due to its simple tool manufacturing and the use of universal equipment, it is widely used in single piece small batch production.
3、采用深孔鉆在專用深孔鉆床上加工。采用深孔鉆加工深孔較好的解決了深孔加工中刀具引偏、刀具冷卻和斷屑排屑等問題，明顯地提高了加工質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)率。可加工到10~30 的深孔。深孔加工機(jī)床，可采用專用的深孔鉆床，也可對普通車床進(jìn)行改裝。
3. Using deep hole drills for processing on specialized deep hole drilling machines. The use of deep hole drilling to process deep holes effectively solves problems such as tool deviation, tool cooling, and chip removal in deep hole processing, significantly improving processing quality and productivity. Can process deep holes up to 10-30. Deep hole processing machine tools can use specialized deep hole drilling machines or modify ordinary lathes.
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